Narrative review of GLP-1 and GIP/GLP-1 agonists in adults lists CagriSema among emerging therapies

This is a narrative review in human adults rather than a new experiment, so no participants were enrolled and no sample size is reported. The authors state that it summarizes current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and broader clinical effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists in adults with overweight or obesity.

The authors write that relevant literature was identified through searches of major medical databases, with emphasis on randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, and pivotal phase 2 and phase 3 trials. The abstract does not list the databases by name, the search dates, or the number of studies included.

The authors report that liraglutide established the role of GLP-1 receptor agonism in weight management, that semaglutide provided greater and more sustained weight reduction, and that tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist, produced greater weight loss than semaglutide in direct comparative studies. Beyond weight reduction, the review describes favorable effects on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk, kidney outcomes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and quality of life.

Cagrilintide appears in the abstract only as part of CagriSema, which the authors group with retatrutide, MariTide, and amycretin as emerging multi-receptor and combination therapies that may further expand treatment options. The same sentence states that long-term efficacy and safety data for these agents remain limited. No trial results, effect sizes, or comparisons specific to CagriSema are given in the abstract.

On tolerability, the authors write that gastrointestinal adverse effects, particularly nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, remain the most common limitations and are most prominent during dose escalation. The abstract does not report any dosing regimen, numbers, or units for any of the drugs discussed, so no regimen is summarized here.

This is a narrative review, not a systematic review or meta-analysis: the abstract reports no predefined search strategy details, no study-selection counts, no risk-of-bias assessment, and no pooled estimates. Conclusions therefore reflect the authors' synthesis of selected literature rather than a quantitative analysis.

The abstract gives no sample size, no comparator data tables, and no numeric outcomes, so the magnitude of any reported effect cannot be checked from the source. For CagriSema specifically, the authors themselves state that long-term efficacy and safety data remain limited. The abstract does not state funding sources or author conflicts of interest.

Cagrilintide, also referred to as AM833 or NNC0174-0833 and coformulated with semaglutide as CagriSema, is not an FDA-approved drug for any use. This status comes from the site's regulatory review and not from the review article described here.